Snakes are fascinating creatures, but encountering one in the wild can be a nerve-wracking experience. Especially in regions with venomous species. The fear of a potentially fatal bite is a real concern. But not all of them are venomous. So, how to tell if a snake is venomous?
The first thing you need to look for is the head of the snake. Venomous snakes have triangular heads, slit-like pupils, and often have bright colors. In contrast, non-venomous snakes have rounded heads and pupils. They can be of different colors, such as brown, tan, gray, and olive green.
Knowing this little information might not be enough. You have to know more stuff. Let me help you with the necessary information.
How To Tell If A Snake Is Venomous
You can tell whether a snake is venomous or not by judging by three criteria. Let me mention that there are exceptions. So, let’s begin.
1. Head Shape
Venomous snakes usually have a triangular-shaped head, distinct from the neck. This shape helps accommodate their venom glands.
On the other hand, non-venomous snakes have round heads. It blends seamlessly with their bodies. However, some non-venomous species can flatten their heads to mimic a triangular shape when threatened.
2. Coloring
Well, this is not a bullet-proof method. However, venomous snakes generally tend to be of bright colors. Additionally, you should look for:
- Zig-zag patterns or diamond shapes running down the back.
- Triangular markings on the head.
- A dark “hourglass” shape on the body.
In contrast, non-venomous snakes often have solid color, stripes, or checkered patterns.
3. Pupils
Most venomous snakes have vertical, slit-like pupils. This is similar to a cat’s eye. This adaptation allows them to hunt effectively in low-light conditions.
Non-venomous snakes generally have round pupils. However, an important exception exists. Coral snakes have round pupils despite being venomous.
Features of Well-known Venomous Snakes
Let me help you identify some common venomous snakes. It will help you stay safe from them. Remember that they usually do not bite humans unless there are circumstances.
1. Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake
- Large, heavy-bodied snake with a broad, triangular head distinct from its neck.
- Light brown or gray base color with diamond-shaped patterns outlined in black or brown.
- Possesses a rattle on its tail that vibrates as a warning.
2. Timber Rattlesnake
- Medium-sized snake with a thick body and a triangular head.
- Brown or gray base color with dark brown or black crossbands and a yellow “zigzag” pattern down its back.
- Possesses a rattle on its tail that vibrates as a warning.
3. Copperhead
- Medium-sized snake with a slender body and a wide, triangular head.
- Light brown or tan base color with hourglass-shaped markings down its back.
- Blends well with leaf litter and often has a blunt “stubby” tail.
4. Cottonmouth
- Heavy-bodied, semi-aquatic snake with a wide, flat head.
- Dark brown or black base color with olive or yellow banding on its younger individuals.
- Often opens its mouth wide when threatened, revealing a white cotton-like lining.
5. Coral Snake
- Small, slender snake with a blunt head.
- Distinctive black, yellow, and red bands encircling its body in a specific pattern
- Unlike other venomous snakes, it has round pupils.
What to Do If You Notice Venomous Snakes?
Try to avoid the places where there can be venomous snakes. However, if noticed, you have to do the following things:
- Stay calm and back away slowly. Do not provoke the snake or attempt to approach it.
- Maintain a safe distance. This minimizes the risk of a bite.
- Do not attempt to handle the snake. It includes dead or decapitated snakes.
- If possible, take a picture of the snake from a safe distance. This can be helpful for identification and treatment if bitten.
- Seek medical attention immediately if bitten. Call 911 or your local emergency number.
Common Places in the USA Where Venomous Snakes Are Found
Not every place in the United States has venomous snakes. Some places are free of venomous snakes, while some places are rich in them.
1. Arizona
- Western Diamondback Rattlesnake
- Mojave Rattlesnake
- Coral Snake
- Copperhead
- Various other rattlesnake species
2. Florida
- Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake
- Cottonmouth
- Copperhead
- Burmese Python (invasive)
3. Southwest Texas
- Western Diamondback Rattlesnake
- Coral Snake
- Copperhead
- Mojave Rattlesnake
4. Southeastern States
- Copperhead
- Cottonmouth
- Timber Rattlesnake
- Eastern Coral Snake
5. Southern California
- Western Diamondback Rattlesnake
- Mojave Rattlesnake
- Coral Snake
- Speckled Rattlesnake
Conclusion
You see, not all snakes are venomous. Only some of them are. You should be aware of the venomous ones. Careful of the ones that have bright colors, triangular heads, and slit-like pupils. And if spotted, avoid disturbing them. They will not bite you if not threatened.